West Highland White vs Scottish Terrier: Key Differences

Both the West Highland White Terrier and Scottish Terrier have deep roots in Scotland. These terriers were bred for hunting small game and vermin on farms and estates. In fact, Westіeѕ rank #24 іn AKC popularity, while Scоttieѕ drорреd tо #30, according to an AKC Most Popular Dogs Infographic. Let’s take a look at these two dog breeds — their similarities and differences!

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Physical Characteristics and Appearance

West Highland White Terriers and Scottish Terriers have distinct looks. Their sizes, coats, and colors set them apart. Let’s explore the key features of each breed.

West Highland White Terrier Appearance

• West Highland White Terriers are small, sturdy dogs. They stand 10 to 11 inches tall at the shoulder. These dogs weigh between 15 to 20 pounds.
• Westies have a pure white double coat. Their outer coat is coarse and straight. The undercoat is soft and dense. Their fur needs regular grooming to stay neat.
• Westies have a round head with erect ears. Their eyes are dark and almond-shaped. They have a black nose and a strong, slightly tapered muzzle.

Scottish Terrier Appearance

• Scottish Terriers are slightly larger than Westies. They stand 10 to 11 inches tall. Scotties weigh between 18 to 22 pounds.
• Scotties have a distinctive look with their long head and beard. Their coat is hard and wiry. It comes in black, brindle, or wheaten colors.
• These dogs have a strong, compact body. They have small, pointed ears and almond-shaped eyes. Scotties have a long muzzle and a black nose.
• Scotties need regular grooming to maintain their coat. They shed less than many other breeds. “Scottish Terriers require hand-stripping every 6–8 weeks due to their wiry double coat; clipping alters texture irreversibly,” states Dr. Sarah Thompson, an AKC-certified groomer.

Temperament and Behavior

Westies and Scotties have distinct personalities that set them apart. Both breeds are intelligent and loyal, but they differ in their social traits and energy levels.

Westie Temperament and Social Traits

• West Highland White Terriers are friendly and affectionate dogs. You’ll find them to be energetic and playful companions. Westies are social and enjoy being around people and other pets.
• These dogs are curious and alert, making them excellent watchdogs. They’ll let you know when someone’s at the door. Westies are intelligent and respond well to training, but they can be stubborn at times.
• Your Westie will be loving and form strong bonds with family members. They’re generally good with children and other dogs when socialized early. Westies have a high prey drive, so keep an eye on them around small animals.

Scottie Temperament and Social Traits

• Scottish Terriers are independent and strong-willed dogs. You’ll find them to be less outwardly affectionate than Westies. Scotties are loyal to their families but can be aloof with strangers.
• These dogs are intelligent and confident. They have a dignified personality that some describe as almost human-like. Scotties can be stubborn, which may make training challenging at times.
• Your Scottie will be protective of their home and family. They make excellent watchdogs and are territorial. Scotties are generally quieter than Westies but will bark to alert you of potential threats.
• While not as social as Westies, Scotties can get along well with children and other pets when properly socialized. They may be less tolerant of rough play, so supervise interactions with young kids.

Health and Wellness

Both West Highland White Terriers and Scottish Terriers have unique health concerns. You should be aware of these issues to provide the best care for your terrier.

Health Issues in West Highland White Terriers

• Westies are prone to several health problems. Atopic dermatitis is common, causing itchy and inflamed skin. You may notice your Westie scratching excessively.
• Patellar luxation affects many Westies. This condition causes the kneecap to slip out of place, leading to lameness. Regular vet check-ups can help catch this early.
• Westies can develop craniomandibular osteopathy, a bone growth disorder affecting the jaw. Symptoms include swelling and pain while eating.
• These terriers may also experience pulmonary fibrosis, a serious lung disease. Watch for coughing and difficulty breathing in your Westie.

Health Issues in Scottish Terriers

• Scotties face their own set of health challenges. Scottie Cramp is a unique condition causing muscle spasms and awkward movement. It’s not painful but can affect your dog’s quality of life.
• Cancer rates are higher in Scottish Terriers compared to other breeds. Regular check-ups are crucial for early detection.
• Von Willebrand’s disease, a blood clotting disorder, is more common in Scotties. Be cautious of excessive bleeding from minor injuries.
• Bladder cancer is a particular concern for Scottish Terriers. Pay attention to changes in urination habits.
• Scotties may develop cataracts as they age, leading to vision problems. Regular eye exams can help monitor this condition.

Exercise and Training Needs

West Highland White Terriers and Scottish Terriers need proper exercise and training. Both breeds are smart but can be stubborn at times.

Training Your West Highland White Terrier

• Westies are intelligent and eager to please. Start training early to shape good habits. Use positive methods like treats and praise. Keep sessions short and fun to hold their interest.
• Westies can be stubborn. Stay patient and consistent. Avoid harsh words or punishment. This may make them less willing to work with you.
• Set clear rules and stick to them. Teach basic commands like sit, stay, and come. Socialize your Westie with people and other dogs from a young age.

Training Your Scottish Terrier

• Scotties are smart but independent. They need firm, fair training. Use treats and toys to motivate them. Be patient and keep training sessions short.
• These dogs can be strong-willed. Stay calm and don’t give in to their stubbornness. Reward good behavior right away. Ignore bad behavior instead of scolding.
• Teach your Scottie basic obedience. Work on recall, as they may chase small animals. Socialize them early to prevent aggression towards other dogs.
• Both breeds need daily exercise. A brisk walk or active play session for 30-45 minutes is good. This helps burn energy and keep them healthy.

Living Environment

When choosing between West Highland White Terriers and Scottish Terriers, consider their living space needs. Both breeds can adapt to different homes, but they have specific requirements for comfort and well-being.

Adapting to Apartment Living

• West Highland White Terriers and Scottish Terriers can thrive in apartments. These compact dogs don’t need large spaces to be happy. Both breeds are well-suited for apartment living, but training is important to manage barking.
• Westies and Scotties are alert and may bark at noises. Teaching them quiet commands is crucial for apartment harmony. Their small size makes them ideal for tight spaces.
• Provide cozy spots for resting and toys for mental stimulation. This keeps them content in smaller homes.

Exercise Space and Living Conditions

Despite their size, both breeds need regular exercise. A daily walk and playtime are essential for their health and happiness. West Highland White Terriers are peppy and require about an hour of exercise per day. Scottish Terriers have similar needs. A small yard is great, but not necessary if you provide daily walks and outings.

Indoor play sessions can supplement outdoor activities. Use puzzle toys and games to keep them active and engaged.

Remember:

• Daily walks (30-60 minutes)
• Indoor playtime
• Mental stimulation with toys
• Access to a secure outdoor area when possible

Both breeds adapt well to city or country living as long as their exercise needs are met.