Pembroke vs Cardigan Corgi: Key Differences Explained

Corgis are small but mighty dogs with big personalities. You might know them as the Queen’s favorite breed, but there’s more to these pups than royal connections. There are two types of Welsh Corgis: Pembroke and Cardigan. Both belong to the herding group of dog breeds.

These short-legged dogs were bred to drive cattle. Their low stature helped them avoid kicks from cows. But let’s explore more about them — their similarities and differences.

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Origins and Breed History

Corgis come from two distinct lineages with rich histories. Both types originated in Wales but developed separately over centuries for different purposes.

Pembroke Welsh Corgi History

• The Pembroke Welsh Corgi emerged in Pembrokeshire, Wales. Flemish weavers likely brought these dogs to Wales around 1000 AD.
• Farmers prized Pembrokes for their herding skills. The dogs’ short legs helped them duck under cattle’s hooves while nipping at their heels.
• Pembrokes gained fame as Queen Elizabeth II’s favorite breed. This royal connection boosted their popularity worldwide.
• The Kennel Club in the UK recognized Pembrokes as a distinct breed in 1934. Their charm and intelligence make them beloved pets today. 

Cardigan Welsh Corgi History

• Cardigan Welsh Corgis originated in Cardiganshire, Wales over 3,000 years ago. They descend from German teckel lineage, related to dachshunds.
• Cardigans served as all-purpose farm dogs. They excelled at herding cattle, hunting vermin, and guarding homes.
• These dogs remained relatively unknown outside Wales for centuries. The Kennel Club recognized Cardigans as a separate breed from Pembrokes in 1934.
• Cardigans are less common than Pembrokes but equally lovable. Their loyal nature and work ethic make them great companions.

Physical Attributes

Pembrokes and Cardigans have distinct looks. Their size and weight also differ. Let’s explore these key physical traits.

Appearance Comparison

• Pembrokes and Cardigans share some features but look quite different. Both have fluffy double coats and short legs.
• Pembrokes have docked tails, while Cardigans keep their bushy tails. This is an easy way to tell them apart.
• Coat colors vary between the breeds. Pembrokes come in red, sable, fawn, and black and tan. Cardigans have more color options, including brindle and blue merle.
• Ear shape differs too. Pembroke ears are pointed at the top. Cardigan ears are more rounded.

Size and Weight Considerations

• Cardigans are bigger than Pembrokes. You’ll notice this in both height and weight. However, according to a Tufts University Body Condition Scoring that happened in 2024, 38% of Pembrokes exceed ideal weight versus 25% of Cardigans.
• A Pembroke stands about 10-12 inches tall. It weighs 22-30 pounds on average.
• Cardigans are taller at 10.5-12.5 inches. They’re also heavier, weighing 25-38 pounds.
• These size differences affect how the breeds move and play. Pembrokes tend to be quicker and more agile. Cardigans are a bit sturdier and stronger.
• Both breeds are small enough to be good apartment dogs. But remember, they need regular exercise despite their size.

Temperament and Personality

Pembroke and Cardigan Corgis have distinct personalities that shape their interactions with humans and other animals. Both breeds are known for their intelligence and loyalty, but they differ in some key aspects of their temperament.

Intelligence and Trainability

• Corgis are smart and eager to please, making them highly trainable. You’ll find that both Pembrokes and Cardigans excel in obedience and agility courses.
• Positive reinforcement works well with these breeds. Use treats and praise to encourage good behavior.
• Mental stimulation is crucial for Corgis. Puzzle toys and training sessions will keep their minds sharp.
• Pembrokes tend to be quicker learners, while Cardigans may take a bit more patience. Both breeds have strong herding instincts, which can be channeled into fun activities.

Socialization and Behavior

• Pembroke Corgis are often more outgoing and social than their Cardigan cousins. You’ll notice Pembrokes are usually friendly with strangers and other pets.
• Cardigans can be more reserved at first. They may take time to warm up to new people or situations. Early socialization is key for both breeds to ensure well-rounded behavior.
• Both Corgis are affectionate with their families. They make great companions and are good with children when properly trained.
• Be aware of their vocal nature. Corgis tend to bark to alert you of anything unusual. Proper training can help manage this trait.
• Corgis can develop separation anxiety if left alone for long periods. Make sure to provide plenty of attention and exercise to keep them happy and well-behaved.

Health and Wellness

Both Pembroke and Cardigan Corgis face some health challenges. They need regular care and exercise to stay healthy. Let’s look at their common issues and care needs.

Common Health Concerns

• Pembroke and Cardigan Corgis may face similar health problems. Hip dysplasia is a worry for both breeds. This can cause pain and limit movement.
• Dr Benjamin Hart, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, noted, “Dwarf breeds like Corgis exhibit up to 47% higher incidence of hip dysplasia compared to non-chondrodystrophic breeds due to cartilage growth abnormalities.”
• Back problems are also common due to their long bodies. You should be careful when lifting your Corgi to avoid injury.
• Degenerative myelopathy affects some Corgis. This disease hurts their spinal cord over time.
• Both breeds can live 12-15 years with good care. Regular vet check-ups help catch issues early.

Grooming and Exercise Needs

• Corgis shed a lot. You’ll need to brush them often to keep their coat healthy.
• Both breeds have high energy levels. Daily walks and playtime are a must. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise each day.
• Pembroke Corgis tend to be more outgoing, which may mean they need more activity. Cardigans might be fine with slightly less exercise.
• Keep an eye on their weight. Too much food and too little exercise can lead to obesity. This puts extra strain on their short legs and long back.
• Mental stimulation is important too. Puzzle toys and training sessions help keep their minds sharp.